OWSD Pakistan: Women Scientists at KIBGE Successfully Decoded Red Sindhi Cattle Genome
Dr. A.Q. Khan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi has successfully completed the whole genome sequencing of Red Sindhi cattle, one of the country’s most valuable indigenous livestock breeds. The project was funded by the Sindh Higher Education Commission (SHEC) Post Doctoral Fellowship Program Phase‑I. This research was conducted by Post Doctoral Fellow Dr. Roohi Kanwal under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Saima Saleem (Professor at KIBGE) in collaboration with Dr. Nazeer Hussain Kolhoro, Director of the Sindh Institute of Animal Health (SIAH) and with Gene Janch Center. In parallel, full genomic characterization of the Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) isolated from infected animals was also performed, enabling an in‑depth understanding of host–pathogen interactions. This pioneering effort marks the complete genetic blueprint of Red Sindh cattle has been decoded, opening new avenues for advanced breeding, disease resistance research, and productivity enhancement. Scientists involved in the project described the development as a “transformational step” toward modernizing Pakistan’s livestock industry through genomic science. Red Sindh cattle, known for their adaptability to harsh climates, high milk yield, and resistance to local diseases, are a cornerstone of rural livelihoods in Sindh and beyond. However, until now, limited genetic data had restricted efforts to optimize their traits using modern breeding techniques.
The research team utilized next-generation sequencing technologies to map the entire genome, identifying key genes associated with milk production, heat tolerance, and immunity. According to project leaders, this data will enable more precise selection of superior animals, reducing reliance on trial-and-error breeding methods.
This achievement is not just scientific—it is economic as with genomic insights, farmers can raise healthier, more productive cattle, directly impacting food security and income levels. The breakthrough is expected to support the development of genomic selection programs, conservation strategies for indigenous breeds, and potential collaborations with international research bodies. It may also contribute to tackling challenges posed by climate change by promoting resilient livestock. Furthermore, the genomic data obtained through this work provides a foundation for infection prevention and control strategies. By understanding host genetic resistance factors and viral evolution, researchers can develop targeted interventions, improve biosecurity measures, and design effective control programs against lumpy skin disease and other emerging infectious threats in livestock.
This achievement places Pakistan among a growing number of countries leveraging genomics to strengthen their agricultural backbone, signalling a promising future for science-driven farming in the region. Prof. Khalid Mehmood Iraqi is grateful to SHEC for the funding opportunity and is extremely proud of KIBGE, Prof. Saima Saleem and her research team for this significant contribution to science in infection prevention and control.
